Cities which never sleep

London was ranked 17th, Paris 18th and New York 32nd. Common concerns about keeping a city up all night relate to noise, traffic and alcohol consumption. In Washington DC, where city officials are debating the advantages of extending late-night hours , some politicians and residents oppose the idea as they think it will also lead to an increase in crime.

And the concerns are not misguided. No matter what shape it takes, a night-time economy relies on a night-time workforce. Despite the numerous advantages for the cities that operate 24 hours of generating more jobs among other benefits, there are other concerns such as noise pollution, traffic, and excessive alcohol consumption. New York City has the highest population of any city in the US and as of had a population of 8. New York City is considered a global power city, and it is the financial, cultural, and media capital of the world.

It has had a huge impact on entertainment, research, commerce, education, technology, fashion, politics, art, and sports. The city has five boroughs, which include Queens, Brooklyn, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island which were all consolidated to create one city in New York City has always been officially known as the "City That Never Sleeps" because of the numerous establishments within the city which operate throughout the night.

For instance, the New York subway system is never closed, and there are numerous restaurants and buses which remain open through the night until dawn.

The Staten Island Ferry is operational day and night for the whole week and there are boats leaving after every 15 or at the intervals of 20 minutes particularly at peak hours and about every half-hour at off-peak hours.

Although New York City has a vibrant nightlife, there are places to be avoided. For instance, although Times Square may be famous and it is considered an iconic place, it is also a tourist trap point. The city of Las Vegas ranks as the 28th most populous city in the US and the most populous in the state of Nevada. The city is the seat of the county government of Clark County, and it is the leading commercial, financial, and cultural center of Nevada. Las Vegas is another US city that never sleeps, and it is known globally as a major resort city famous for its gambling.

Nightlife in Las Vegas is vibrant with fine dining and shopping outlets. LED street lights produce a white light which is much closer to daylight than the orange glow of their sodium gas lamp predecessors. After-hours festivals and cultural activities are now commonplace, and, though pubs and nightclubs still dominate our darkened city centres, more cafes now open into the evening.

I would argue that this goes too far. Even notorious drinking and party spaces have their downtime. Night is undoubtedly still a challenge — lighting is expensive, and society pays for it in money and emissions of carbon dioxide. Night time mobility remains limited and the night bus and rail services run on much reduced networks.

So, the night time is not disappearing entirely. Instead, its traditional form is fragmenting — splintering across time and space. Political organisation has now found new spaces of online activity, reducing the reliance on evening and late night meetings. More broadly, research has found a trend towards people spreading their work out across 24 hours. The day is definitely encroaching on the night, as our behaviours and economies are increasingly unrestrained by sunrise and sunset.